Edward Thorndike (1874–1949) was a pioneering psychologist whose work laid the foundation for modern behavioral psychology. His most influential contribution, the Law of Effect, states that behaviors followed by satisfying …
Explanation:Journaling—especially expressive writing—is a therapeutic technique shown to reduce psychological distress by helping individuals process emotional experiences, organize thoughts, and gain clarity. According to Pennebaker (1997), expressive writing lowers physiological arousal, …
Explanation:Locus of control refers to an individual’s beliefs about the causes of life outcomes. A more internal locus is associated with higher motivation, resilience, and well‑being (Rotter, 1966). Example:Someone with …
Focus: Person-centered therapy and unconditional positive regard Explanation:Carl Rogers, a pioneer of humanistic psychology, proposed that self-acceptance is a prerequisite for personal growth. His client-centered approach emphasized unconditional positive regard, empathy, …
Focus: Feminist psychoanalysis and personal growth Explanation:Karen Horney was one of the first psychoanalysts to challenge Freud’s patriarchal theories and emphasize the role of cultural and interpersonal relationships in personality development. …
Definition: A growth mindset, as defined by Carol Dweck, is the belief that abilities and intelligence can be developed through dedication, hard work, and learning from feedback, as opposed to …