Explanation:Central to Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) is the recognition that thoughts influence emotions and behaviors. Negative self‑talk often reflects cognitive distortions—overgeneralization, catastrophizing, labeling—which sustain emotional distress. Beck (2011) describes cognitive …
Definition: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) is a structured, evidence-based psychotherapeutic approach that focuses on identifying and changing unhelpful thought patterns and behaviors to improve emotional regulation and coping strategies. Developed …
Definition: Unconditional positive regard (UPR) is a central concept in Carl Rogers’ humanistic approach to therapy. It refers to the therapist’s acceptance and support of a client, regardless of what …
Definition: Catastrophizing is a cognitive distortion in which an individual expects or assumes the worst-case scenario will happen, often magnifying the severity of potential problems while underestimating their ability to …
Definition: The biopsychosocial model, introduced by George L. Engel in 1977, is a comprehensive framework that examines mental health as an interaction of biological, psychological, and social factors. It rejects …